Animal Model

Alzheimer's Disease (AD)

Familial AD in mice

A model of cholinergic neuron damage

Parkinson's Disease

Rat 6-OHDA induced model

Mouse and primate MPTP-induced models

Depression/Anxiety

Forced swimming, tail suspension, open field, elevated cross maze

Anxiety-like symptoms induced by M-CPP

Chronic moderate unpredictable stress (CUMS) model

Cerebral ischemia

Permanent occlusion/ischemia reperfusion of the middle cerebral artery in primates and rodents

Mechanical/thrombotic obstruction

Pain

Screening of central analgesic drugs (Hot plate, Tail Flick)

Inflammatory pain (carrageenan, formalin induced, acetic acid twisting)

Postoperative pain (Brennan method)

Chronic neuralgia (SNL), diabetic neuralgia (T1DM, T2DM)

Osteoarthritis (MIA induction)

Drug dependence

Self-administration, drug discrimination, conditioned location preference

Natural withdrawal, urge withdrawal

Nerve virulence